Joint joint - A disease that has developed for many years due to the dominant damage to certain joints.Most often, painful changes affect large joints - knees, hips, shoulders, etc.The difficulty of pain and the movement in them complicates a person's life in a physical and emotional plan and, taking into account the fact that arthrosis is often in a juvenile can intervene in achieving professional and personal goals.Therefore, it is important to diagnose the disease as soon as possible and to begin with complex treatment of arthrosis.
Treatment of joint treatment
In the initial stage of arthrosis, conservative methods are used that do not include surgery.Meanwhile, the methods of the method used allow for the development of the disease, maintain motor activity, reduce the severity of the main symptoms of arthrosis and improve human quality in general.
- Drug treatment
Used groups of drugs
- Nsids;
- Gks;
- Chondroprotectors.
- PRP therapy
- Medical physical education
- Massage and manual therapy
- Extension therapy (adhesion)
- Physiotherapy
Physiotherapy methods are widely used in the joint:
- Magnetic therapy;
- UHF;
- Inductothermia;
- Ultrasound therapy;
- Balneotherapy;
- Surgery treatment.
Treatment of joint treatment with medicines
It is common for patients to use drugs (orally in the form of tablets or injection - intramuscularly) is the most important method of removing joint pain.In fact, the use of medicines is a method of rapid relief pain, which should only be prescribed during the acute period.The fact is that for these purposes, widely prescribed drugs have serious side effects, which are increased for a longer period of time and especially with uncontrolled intake.We are talking about the unwanted effects of digestive, cardiovascular, nervous systems, which can most likely bring the patient to hospital (stomach bleeding, heart rate disorders, liver and kidney, etc.).
No -steroid anti -inflammatory drugs
Used groups of drugs:
Nsaid -No -Teroid anti -inflammatory drugs, many are released without prescription, and patients are widely accepted by themselves.This group contains various chemical drugs, the most famous of which are diclofenac, indomethacin, nenproxen (classic NSAID), more modern and meloxicam, nimesulide, ketorolac.The drugs listed are a highlighted anti -inflammatory and analgesic effect, reduce the pain of joint and adjacent muscle tissue, but do not affect the disease.It is only used to reduce symptoms at all stages of the disease.Effective for concomitant synovitis (accumulation of fluid in the joint).
Gks - Glucocorticosteroid drugs (hydrocortisone, triamcinone, betamethasone) have the strongest anti -inflammatory and analgesic effects.It is recommended and effective for their percentage introduction.However, patients are often negatively related to the treatment of these drugs, which are related to the possible side effects: these are infectious complications, the deterioration of the leagues, the joint surface and the degeneration of the cartilage.But with the risk of complications, the risk of these complications is minimal.
Chondropotectors - Glucosamine and chondroitin are natural components of cartilage, which, when given orally, contribute to the gradual restoration of the cartilage, normalize its density and elasticity.These active components are usually used in the complex and are part of various drugs and complementary products.Chondroprotectors do not have a rapid analgesic effect, improves improvement with the longer use of drugs based on them, which is related to partial restoration of the cartilage.Recommended at all stages of the disease.
PRP therapy
One of the most modern methods of healing medicine used for the sports damage and mono-dynamic diseases of the joints, PRP-therapy (PRP-Plathelte plasma) or plasmobravitation, autoplasmic therapy.
The essence of the procedure It consists of the introduction of plasma enriched by platelets, directly at the site of injury, in this case to the joint.The administrative medicine is obtained from the patient's own blood, so the method is considered not only extremely effective but also safe for humans.Growth factors and other biologically active substances (serotonin, Bradykinin, prostaglandins, etc.) are found in plasma thrombocus enriched by thrombocytes and contributes to activating the regeneration and synthesis of their own basic substances.
The resulting plasma, plasma enriched with platelets, is introduced both in percent and directly into the affected joint, which causes partial restoration of the tissues - primarily cartilage.
In the 1-2 stages of osteoarthrosis, the methodology is best suited.It shows good results and allows the disease to delay the rapid development of the disease due to the release of platelet growth factors.The method is relatively new, but it has proven its great efficiency.PRP therapy was first used during surgery, and nowadays the technique is successfully used in many areas of medicine, including rheumatology and orthopedics, neurology and cosmetology.Autoplasmatic therapy allows you to increase the function of the joint without other aggressive interventions.
Synovial fluid - a group of drugs based on hyalurons, which is introduced directly into the joint cavity (injection) and plays the role of binding lubricant in the event that natural synovial fluid is almost completely absent (which ensures the role of lubrication of the joint surfaces).They are used in late stages of arthrosis.
The medical cures for this group are also referred to as "synovial fluid promotheses", "synovial fluid biological substitutes".The effect of the drugs is long - 6-13 months, depending on the medical product used.
Some are used Other groups of drugs - antispasmodics, muscle relaxants, Vitamins B vitamins B vitamins, but each has only auxiliary value in the treatment of arthrosis.
Medical physical education
Special exercises for therapeutic gymnastics can and should be used during aggravation at all stages of arthrosis.Such measures can reduce pain and prevent the shouting of joint movement.However, patients with arthrosis are unpopular, as most of them are wrong, and they believe that motion should be restricted with pain.On the contrary, the timely beginning of physical exercises contributes to faster healing and reduction in symptoms, especially to pain.
Particularly effective physiotherapeutic exercises in water, joint movements in the unloading position (lying, sitting, pending), moderate walks on a flat surface.If necessary, for example, a pronounced pain syndrome can be exhausted on the joint, but you should start physical education as early as possible.
Massage and manual therapy
The methods of mechanical effects on the joints, muscles and league devices allow reducing the severity of the pain, increasing mobility, blood circulation and metabolism in the affected joints, relieving muscle cramps, and normalizing muscle function.
Extension therapy (adhesion)
In a hospital or medical sanatorium, towing therapy is possible - a common traffic (hip, knee) is a special method using various cargoes.The usual traction schema is designed for 28 days, with a gradual increase in load and exposure time.Classic techniques are used and the use of more modern simulators.Their efficiency is almost the same, but the simulators are more convenient for the patient.
Physiotherapy
The use of various physiotherapeutic techniques in the initial stages of arthrosis allows for a significant relief of pain syndrome and increase the mobility of the joints affected.Physiotherapy courses contribute to the slowdown of the pathological process and extending the period.
Widely used for arthrosis of the methodology of physiotherapy
Magnetic therapy - Local effects with a constant or alternating low -frequency magnetic field.In the area of the affected jointMetabolic procedures are accelerated, blood circulation and nutrients into joint structures are increased, and the regeneration and synthesis process of their own materials for joint work is activated.Magnetic therapy has almost anti -altity, analgesic, anti -inflammatory effects from the front seat, which positively affects the patient's general condition.Magnetic therapy is successfully used in hospitals and sanatoriums, where medical equipment with various modifications is used.Home magnetic courses are a huge advantage for articular patients under home, targets and the attending physician.The timely use of portable devices for magnetic spheres allows you to stop pain, the onset of aggravation, or prevent a preventive course - that is, maintain a normal well.The positive torque of magnetic therapy can also be named the beneficial effects of the procedures on the condition of cardiovascular and nervous systems.Given the fact that most patients with arthrosis have a medium and advanced age, existing chronic diseases (arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, etc.), a mild sedative and stabilizing effect of magnetic therapy is very useful.
Ultrasound therapy It is more commonly used in combination with the effects of ultraponophoresis or phonophoresis.Ultrasound increases tissue permeability for drugs, thus increasing its main effect.Even without a healing component, the method is very effective for arthrosis: ultrasound has a mechanical effect on tissues (micromassage), activates local immune and recovery processes in the joint and adjacent muscles, expressing analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.
Laser therapy - One of the most common and widely used procedures.The therapeutic effect is based on the reflex extension of the blood vessels, focusing on the pathological process.This leads to improving local blood flow, activation of metabolism, removal of underestimated metabolism and reducing pain intensity.Due to the depth of low penetration, laser therapy has a minimally outstanding systemic effect while improving the therapeutic effect of other procedures.
Shock wave therapy - High energy exposure method.This is based on a piezoelectric effect.The effect of piezoelectric discharge on pathological focus is achieved by many effects.Non -viable cells are destroyed, leading to activation of local immunity.Gyernic (inactive) cells are stimulated, which contributes to regeneration processes.However, the intensity of the pain syndrome is significantly reduced (although the procedure itself is painful).The method is undoubtedly the use of the method once daily once a day.
Diadinamotherapy - A method of therapeutic effect on the body with diadynamic pulse currents.Diadynamic currents used in this method rhythmically excite the skin receptors, which indirectly lead to activation of decreasing physiological mechanisms of the analgesic and lead to the patient's pain relief until complete pain relief.Therefore, such procedures are effective for severe pain.
Electromicostimulation - exposure to the electrical current of the muscle tissue.The arthrosis of the large joints is disturbed by the work of the surrounding muscles, leading to the atrophy of some and the overload of others.Walking disorders develop.If a special program is exposed to alternating electricity, the muscles are rhythmically reduced and a certain job is done to restore their volume and function.
Cryotherapy - Unfortunately, a simple and effective treatment method is used.The local effect of low temperatures reduces the sensitivity of pain receptors and the synthesis of biologically active substances that stimulate inflammation.After cryotherapy, blood vessel expansion occurs, local blood flow accelerates, and recovery processes are activated.This method is particularly effective in combination with shock wave therapy.
Balneotherapy
Hydrogenation is carried out on medical baths in the sanatorium and resort conditions, of which radonary arthrosis is particularly effective for arthrosis.The general effect on the body is performed by the products of radioactive decline in water.The most important effect is activating metabolic processes.
A similar, though less prominent effect, is characterized by therapeutic mud (peloids), hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide.
Surgery
Surgery methods are used in late stages of arthrosis, when joint mobility is sharply limited or absent, which affects the quality of the patient's life.Throughout the world, various methods of joint endoprostics are used to complete the amount of movements and the patient to active life at any age.
The tactics and quantity of surgical intervention is determined by the attending physician, and the choice is based on parameters such as the patient's general condition, age and concomitant diseases, the presence of overweight and others.The best results after endoprostics were obtained in young and central patients (almost complete restoration of the amount of movement), but elderly also shows a significant improvement in the state, as they can fully provide themselves in the household plan after successful operation and healing.
Prevention
Arthrosis belongs to a group of clarity and develops primarily as a result of age -related changes in joints, which is improved by the influence of external negative factors.It allows you to maintain motor activity and to avoid a huge future medical intervention for early stages of muscle bone system, prevention of arthrosis and treatment of arthrosis at an early stage.